Contemporary Latin
Adapted from Wikipedia · Discoverer experience
Contemporary Latin is the form of Literary Latin that has been used since the end of the 19th century. While there are many ways people use Latin today, such as adding Neo-Latin words to taxonomy and science, and using it in special ways for the Catholic Church, the main focus here is on Living, or Spoken, Latin. This is when Latin is used like a regular spoken language, allowing people to express thoughts and ideas just as they would in any other language.
Many people around the world study and practice Living Latin to keep the ancient language alive. They use it in conversations, writings, and even in some schools. This helps connect us with the past while also showing how a very old language can still be useful and exciting today.
Because Latin was the language of scholars, scientists, and leaders for many centuries, knowing it can help us understand many ideas and words that come from that time. By keeping Latin alive, we make sure that important knowledge and beautiful expressions from history are not forgotten.
Token Latin
Latin is still used in many languages around the world, especially in mottos and symbols. For example, the United States seal includes the Latin phrases E pluribus unum, Annuit cœptis, and Novus ordo seclorum. The European Union’s motto, In varietate concordia, is also in Latin.
In science, Latin is used to name things like plants, animals, stars, and chemical elements. For example, the symbol Au stands for aurum, which means gold in Latin. Latin words are also used in medicine and law, and many English words have Latin origins.
Latin uses and composition from 1900 to the present day
Main article: Ecclesiastical Latin
The Catholic Church still uses Latin today. Latin is used for official documents from the Holy See, and it is also used in some religious services, especially after Pope Benedict XVI encouraged the Latin Mass. Some universities in England also allow services in Latin.
Latin continues to be used in other areas as well. Some poets in Central Europe write serious poems in Latin. Latin texts are also used in classical music, such as in Stravinsky's opera Oedipus Rex. In schools and universities, Latin is used in scholarly writing, in critical editions of ancient texts, and in speeches during graduation ceremonies. Many universities around the world still award degrees using Latin words. The song Gaudeamus igitur is often sung at university events.
Living Latin
Living Latin, also known as Spoken Latin or Active Latin, is an effort to bring Latin back as a spoken language for modern communication. People get involved in this revival for fun, to learn better, or to try making Latin useful again for talking to people all over the world.
The idea of using Latin this way started a long time ago. In 1815, someone wrote a book saying Europe should use Latin as a common language. Later, in the late 1800s, magazines began coming out supporting Latin as a world language. In 1952, a teacher wrote an important article saying Latin should be spoken again. The big moment came in 1956 with the first International Conference for Living Latin in Avignon, France, where about 200 people from 22 countries met to start this new way of using Latin.
Original production
See also: List of recent original books in Latin
People have created original works in Latin, including poetry, prose, music, and films. Some examples are:
Poetry
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- Carminum libri quattuor by Tomás Viñas.
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- Carmina Latina by A. Pinto de Carvalho.
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- Vox Humana by Johannes Alexander Gaertner.
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- Pegasus Tolutarius by Henry C. Snurr, pen name Arrius Nurus.
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- Suaviloquia by Jan Novák.
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- Cantus Firmus by Johannes Alexander Gaertner.
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- Carmina by Traian Lăzărescu.
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- Periegesis Amatoria by Geneviève Immè.
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- Harmonica vitrea by Anna Elissa Radke.
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- Sermones by Michael von Albrecht
Prose
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- Graecarum Litterarum Historia by Antonio d'Elia.
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- Latinarum Litterarum Historia by Antonio d'Elia.
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- De sacerdotibus sacerdotiisque Alexandri Magni et Lagidarum eponymis by Jozef IJsewijn.
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- Sententiæ by Alain van Dievoet (pen name: Alaenus Divutius).
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- Mystagogus Lycius, sive de historia linguaque Lyciorum by Wolfgang Jenniges.
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- Capti: Fabula Menippeo-Hoffmanniana Americana by Stephen A. Berard.
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- Praecursus: Fabula Neophysiologica by Stephen A. Berard.
Music
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- Oedipus Rex by Igor Stravinsky (an opera-oratorio with libretto, based on Sophocles's tragedy).
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- Ista?!?! by Latin hip hop band Ista.
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- Works of Elvis Presley translated into Latin by Finnish academic Jukka Ammondt.
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- Super Smash Bros. Brawl main theme.
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- Audio, Video, Disco by French electronic group Justice.
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- Music of Koji Kondo from Legend of Zelda arranged into a symphony by Alexandre Choinière, with texts translated into Latin by Olivier Simon.
Cinema
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- A Man for All Seasons by Fred Zinnemann.
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- Sebastiane by Derek Jarman and Paul Humfress.
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- Pacifica by Samohi Latin Media (SLAM).
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- Barnabus & Bella by SLAM.
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- Imperator, Emperor by Konrad Łęcki.
Television
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- Mr. Bean, title sequences.
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- O Tempora! by the Kulturzeit team of the German public channel 3sat.
- 2020–present. Barbarians, a Netflix TV series using German and Latin dialogue.
Blogs
- 2019–present. O tempora, o mores is a daily blog in Latin on Linkiesta, where Francesco Lepore, a journalist and a former papal Latinist at the Vatican, comments daily news.
Translations
Since the 1950s, many children's books have been translated into Latin. These translations serve as teaching tools and show that Latin can be used in everyday stories. Some famous examples include:
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- Ferdinandus Taurus (Ferdinand the Bull) tr. Elizabeth Chamberlayne Hadas.
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- Fabula De Petro Cuniculo (The Tale of Peter Rabbit) tr. E. Perot Walker.
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- Alicia in Terra Mirabili (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland) tr. Clive Harcourt Carruthers.
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- Quomodo Invidiosulus Nomine Grinchus Christi Natalem Abrogaverit (How the Grinch Stole Christmas!) tr. Jennifer Morrish Tunberg, Terence Tunberg.
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- Harrius Potter et Philosophi Lapis (Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone) tr. Peter Needham.
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- Hobbitus Ille (The Hobbit) tr. Mark Walker.
These translations help keep the Latin language alive and accessible.
Dictionaries, glossaries, and phrase books for contemporary Latin
Several books have been written to help people learn modern uses of Latin. In 1990, Latin for All Occasions by Henry Beard tried to find Latin words for today’s common phrases. Between 1992 and 1997, Neues Latein Lexicon / Lexicon recentis Latinitatis by Karl Egger included over 15,000 words for everyday modern life. Other helpful books include Imaginum vocabularium Latinum from 1998, Piper Salve from 1999, and Visuelles Wörterbuch Latein-Deutsch from 2010, translated by Robert Maier. In 2012, Septimana Latina was published, building on the work of Piper Salve.
Images
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