List of Russian inventors
Adventurer · ages 7–10Adapted from Wikipedia
This is a list of inventors from the Russian Federation, Soviet Union, Russian Empire, Tsardom of Russia, and Grand Duchy of Moscow. It includes both ethnic Russians and people from other groups.
Many of these inventors made important discoveries and created new technologies that changed the world. Some were born in Russia and later moved away, while others came from other countries to work and invent in Russia.
Their inventions cover many areas, such as science, medicine, engineering, and everyday life. These ideas and creations have helped people live better and understand the world around them. For a look at Russian inventions in the order they were made, you can visit the Timeline of Russian inventions and technology records.
Alphabetical list
This section lists inventors from many places in Russia, including the Russian Federation, the Soviet Union, and older Russian states. It includes people born in Russia or who worked there for a long time.
The list is organized by the first letter of each inventor's last name, from A to Z.
| Portrait | Person | Inventions | Image |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vladimir Chelomey (1914–1984)  Russian Empire Soviet Union | first space station (Salyut 1), further space stations of Salyut series, Proton rocket (the most used heavy lift launch system) | ||
| Pavel Cherenkov (1904–1990) Russian Empire Soviet Union | Cherenkov detector | ||
| Evgeniy Chertovsky (1902–?) Russian Empire Soviet Union Russian Federation | pressure suit | ||
| Alexander Chizhevsky (1897–1964) Russian Empire Soviet Union | air ionizer (Chizhevsky's chandelier) | ||
| Andrey Chokhov (c. 1545–1629) Grand Duchy of Moscow Tsardom of Russia | Tsar Cannon, the largest bombard by caliber but inoperative |
| Portrait | Person | Inventions | Image |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vasily Degtyaryov (1880–1949) Russian Empire Soviet Union | first self-loading carbine, Degtyaryov-series firearms, co-developer of Fedorov Avtomat (the first self-loading rifle) | ||
 | Akinfiy Demidov (1678–1745) Tsardom of Russia Russian Empire | co-developer of rebar, cast iron cupola, lightning rod (all found in the Leaning Tower of Nevyansk) | |
| Yuri Denisyuk (1927–2006) Soviet Union Russian Federation | 3D holography | ||
| Aleksandr Dianin (1851–1918) Russian Empire | Bisphenol A, Dianin's compound | ||
| Mikhail Dolivo-Dobrovolsky (1862–1919) Russian Empire(Poland, Germany) | three-phase electric power (first 3-phase hydroelectric power plant, 3-phase electrical generator, 3-phase motor and 3-phase transformer) | ||
| Nikolay Dollezhal (1899–2000) Russian Empire Soviet Union Russian Federation | AM-1 reactor for the first nuclear power plant and other RBMK-type reactors, pressurized water reactor (VVER) | ||
| Alexey Dushkin (1904–1977) Russian Empire Soviet Union | deep column station |
| Person | Inventions | Image |
|---|---|---|
| Ivan Elmanov Russian Empire | first monorail (the so-called "Road on Pillars" near Moscow, with horse-drawn carriages) |
| Portrait | Person | Inventions | Image |
|---|---|---|---|
| Peter Carl Fabergé (1846–1920) Russian Empire | Fabergé Eggs | ||
| Nicolas Florine (1891–1972) Russian Empire Belgium(born in Georgia) | first tandem rotor helicopter to fly freely | ||
| Ivan Fyodorov (c. 1510–1583) Grand Duchy of Moscow Tsardom of Russia  Poland-Lithuania | invented multibarreled mortar, introduced printing in Russia | ||
| Svyatoslav Fyodorov (1927–2000) Soviet Union Russian Federation | radial keratotomy | ||
| Vladimir Fyodorov (1874–1966) Russian Empire Soviet Union | Fedorov Avtomat (first self-loading battle rifle, arguably the first assault rifle) |
| Portrait | Person | Inventions | Image |
|---|---|---|---|
| Waldemar Haffkine (1860–1930) Russian Empire Switzerland | developed and used first vaccines against cholera and bubonic plague |
| Person | Inventions | Image |
|---|---|---|
| Gavriil Ilizarov (1921–1992) Soviet Union Russian Federation | Ilizarov apparatus, external fixation, distraction osteogenesis | |
| Sergey Ilyushin (1894–1977) Russian Empire Soviet Union | Il-series fighter aircraft, including Ilyushin Il-2 bomber (the most produced military aircraft in history) | |
| Aleksei Isaev (1908–1971) Russian Empire Soviet Union(second left on photo) | first rocket-powered fighter aircraft, BI-1 (together with Bereznyak) | |
| Isidore Grand Duchy of Moscow | Russian vodka | |
| Vladislav Ivanov (1936–2007) Soviet Union Russian Federation | Pioneer of Magnetic resonance imaging |
| Portrait | Person | Inventions | Image |
|---|---|---|---|
| Boris Jacobi (1801–1874)  Prussia Russian Empire | electrotyping (an application of electroplating to typography), electric boat |
| Portrait | Person | Inventions | Image |
|---|---|---|---|
| Theophil Wilgodt Odhner (1845–1903)  Sweden Russian Empire | the Odhner Arithmometer (a mechanical pinwheel calculator) | ||
| Lucien Olivier (1838–1883) Russian Empire(Belgian or French origin) | Russian salad (Olivier salad) |
| Portrait | Person | Inventions | Image |
|---|---|---|---|
| Leonid Ramzin (1887–1948) Russian Empire Soviet Union | straight-flow boiler (Ramzin boiler) | ||
| Peter I of Russia (Romanov) (1672–1725) Tsardom of Russia Russian Empire | decimal currency, yacht club, sounding line with separating plummet (sounding weight probe) | ||
| Ida Rosenthal (1886–1973) Russian Empire United States(born in Belarus, Jewish descent) | modern brassiere (Maidenform), the standard of cup sizes, nursing bra, full-figured bra, the first seamed uplift bra (all with her husband William) | ||
| Boris Rosing (1869–1933) Russian Empire Soviet Union | CRT television (first TV system using cathode ray tube on the receiving side) |  | |
| Eugene Roshal (born 1972) Soviet Union Russian Federation | FAR file manager, RAR file format, WinRAR file archiver |
| Portrait | Person | Inventions | Image |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vladimir Vakhmistrov (1897–1972) Russian Empire Soviet Union | first bomber with a parasite aircraft (Zveno project) | ||
| Viktor Vasnetsov (1848–1926) Russian Empire Soviet Union | budenovka military hat | ||
| Vladimir Veksler (1907–1966) Russian Empire Soviet Union | synchrophasotron, co-inventor of synchrotron |
| Portrait | Person | Inventions | Image |
|---|---|---|---|
| Paul Walden (1863–1957) Russian Empire Germany(born in Latvia, Baltic German descent) | Walden inversion, Ethylammonium nitrate (the first room temperature ionic liquid) |
| Portrait | Person | Inventions | Image |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pavel Yablochkov (1847–1894) Russian Empire | Yablochkov candle (first commercially viable electric carbon arc lamp) | ||
| Alexander Yakovlev (1906–1989) Russian Empire Soviet Union | Yak-series aircraft, including Yakovlev Yak-40 (the first regional jet) | ||
| Vladimir Yourkevitch (1885–1964) Russian Empire France United States | modern ship hull design | ||
| Sergei Yudin (1891–1954) Russian Empire Soviet Union | cadaveric blood transfusion and other medical operations |  |
| Portrait | Person | Inventions | Image |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ludwik Łazarz Zamenhof (1859–1917) Russian Empire(Poland) | Esperanto language | ||
| Yevgeny Zavoisky (1907–1976) Russian Empire Soviet Union | EPR spectroscopy, co-developer of NMR spectroscopy | ||
| Nikolay Zelinsky (1861–1953) Russian Empire Soviet Union | the first effective filtering activated charcoal gas mask in the world |  | |
| Nikolai Zhukovsky (1847–1921) Russian Empire Russian SFSR | an early wind tunnel, co-developer of the Tsar Tank | ||
| Vladimir Zvorykin (1889–1982) Russian Empire United States | pioneer of television technology Iconoscope, kinescope | ||
| Vasily Zvyozdochkin (1876–1956) Russian Empire Soviet Union | matryoshka doll (together with painter Sergey Malyutin) |
Keep exploring
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