Voiced dental fricative
Adapted from Wikipedia · Discoverer experience
A voiced dental fricative is a special consonant sound found in some spoken languages. Many English speakers know this sound as the "th" in the word "father". It is made by placing the tongue between the teeth and making a soft, hissing sound.
The symbol for this sound in the International Phonetic Alphabet is eth, written as ⟨ð⟩. This symbol comes from old alphabets and can stand for either a voiced or unvoiced sound made with the tongue between the teeth. These sounds are often called "interdental" because of how they are made.
This sound is not common in most languages of Europe and Asia. People whose languages do not use this sound often replace it with other sounds, such as the "z" sound, a soft "d", or the "v" sound. However, some languages, like Greek, Bashkir, Turkmen, Modern Standard Arabic, and certain dialects of Hebrew and Assyrian, do use this interesting sound.
Features
The voiced dental fricative is a special sound made when air is pushed through a narrow space near the teeth, creating a soft hissing noise. This sound is made with the tongue close to the teeth and the voice box vibrating to give it sound.
The sound does not let air escape through the nose and is made by using the muscles of the chest and belly to push the air out.
Occurrence
Voiced dental fricative
Dental approximant
The voiced dental fricative is a sound used in some languages. Many English speakers know it as the "th" sound in the word "father". There is a special symbol for this sound, ⟨ð⟩, which comes from old alphabets.
| Language | Word | IPA | Meaning | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albanian | idhull | [iðuɫ] | 'idol' | |
| Aleut | damo | [ðɑmo] | 'house' | |
| Arabic | Modern Standard | ذهب | [ˈðæhæb] | 'gold' |
| Gulf | ||||
| Najdi | ||||
| Tunisian | [ˈðhæb] | |||
| Arpitan | Genevan and Savoyard | Genèva | [ðə'nɛːva] | 'Geneva' |
| Bressan | vachiére | [va'θiðə] | 'woman cow herder' | |
| Aromanian | zală | [ˈðalə] | 'butter whey' | |
| Asturian | Some dialects | fazer | [fäˈðeɾ] | 'to do' |
| Bashkir | ҡаҙ / qađ | [qɑð]ⓘ | 'goose' | |
| Berta | [fɛ̀ːðɑ̀nɑ́] | 'to sweep' | ||
| Burmese | အညာသား | [ʔəɲàðá] | 'inlander' | |
| Bengali | দ়বাই | [ðɔbɐi] | ˈslaughter' | |
| Catalan | cada | [ˈkaðə] | 'each' | |
| Cornish | omdhiskwedhes | [ɔmˈðiskwɛːðɛz] | 'to feature' | |
| Cree | Woods Cree (th-dialect) | nitha | [niða] | 'I' |
| Dahalo | ||||
| Elfdalian | baiða | [ˈbaɪða] | 'wait' | |
| Emilian | Bolognese | żänt | [ðæ̃:t] | 'people' |
| English | Received Pronunciation | this | [ðɪs] | 'this' |
| Western American English | [ð̪͆ɪs]ⓘ | |||
| Extremaduran | ḥazel | [häðel] | 'to do' | |
| Fijian | ciwa | [ðiwa] | 'nine' | |
| Galician | Some dialects | fazer | [fɐˈðeɾ] | 'to do' |
| German | Austrian | leider | [ˈlaɛ̯ða] | 'unfortunately' |
| Greek | δάφνη / dáfni | [ˈðafni] | 'laurel' | |
| Gwich'in | niidhàn | [niːðân] | 'you want' | |
| Hän | ë̀dhä̀ | [ə̂ðɑ̂] | 'hide' | |
| Harsusi | [ðebeːr] | 'bee' | ||
| Hebrew | Iraqi | אדוני | [ʔaðoˈnaj]ⓘ | 'my lord' |
| Temani | גָּדוֹל / ğaḏol | [dʒaðol] | 'large, great' | |
| Judeo-Spanish | Many dialects | קריאדֿור / kriador | [kɾiaˈðor] | 'creator' |
| Kabyle | ḏuḇ | [ðuβ] | 'to be exhausted' | |
| Kurdish | ||||
| Malay | Standard | azan | [a.ðan] | 'azan' |
| Malto | मेद़ / mēð | [meːð] | 'body' | |
| Mari | Eastern dialect | шодо | [ʃoðo] | 'lung' |
| Norman | Jèrriais | méthe | [mɛð] | 'mother' |
| Northern Sámi | dieđa | [d̥ieðɑ] | 'science' | |
| Persian | Early New Persian, Early Judeo-Persian | گذشتن / guḏaštan | [gu.ðaʃˈtan] | 'to pass' |
| Portuguese | European | nada | [ˈn̪äðɐ] | 'nothing' |
| Sardinian | nidu | [ˈniðu]ⓘ | 'nest' | |
| Scottish Gaelic | Lewis | Màiri | [ˈmaːðʲi] | 'Mary' |
| Shughni | δud | [ðʊd] | 'smoke, fumes' | |
| Sioux | Lakota | záptaŋ | [ˈðaptã] | 'five' |
| Swahili | dhambi | [ðɑmbi] | 'sin' | |
| Swedish | Central Standard | bräda | [ˈbə̆ɾɛ̂ːðɐ̞ɦ̥]ⓘ | 'a board (object)' |
| Syriac | Western Neo-Aramaic | ܐܚܕ | [aħːeð] | 'to take' |
| Tanacross | dhet | [ðet] | 'liver' | |
| Turkmen | ýyldyz | [jɯldɯð] | 'star' | |
| Tutchone | Northern | edhó | [eðǒ] | 'hide' |
| Southern | adhǜ | [aðɨ̂] | ||
| Venetian | mezorno | [meˈðorno] | 'midday' | |
| Welsh | bardd | [barð] | 'bard' | |
| Zapotec | Tilquiapan | |||
Related articles
This article is a child-friendly adaptation of the Wikipedia article on Voiced dental fricative, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
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