Voiceless bilabial plosive
Adapted from Wikipedia · Discoverer experience
A voiceless bilabial plosive or stop is a special kind of sound used in many spoken languages around the world. In English, this sound is the "p" we make when we say words like "spit." It is made by bringing both lips together and then releasing them suddenly, without using the voice box.
This sound is very important for distinguishing words in languages. For example, in English, changing the "p" sound to a "b" sound can mean the difference between "pat" and "bat," which are two completely different words.
Linguists, who are people who study language, use a special symbol to write down this sound. The symbol they use is ⟨p⟩, which comes from the International Phonetic Alphabet. This alphabet helps people write down sounds from any language clearly, so everyone understands exactly what is being said.
Features
The voiceless bilabial plosive is a sound made when you press your lips together and then release them without using your voice. This is the "p" sound you hear in words like "spit".
This sound is created by completely stopping the air in your mouth and then letting it burst out. It is made using both lips and does not let air escape through the nose. The vocal cords do not vibrate when making this sound, which makes it "voiceless".
Occurrence
The /p/ sound, like the "p" in "spit," is used in most spoken languages. Research shows that learning this sound can be easier for some people if they are exposed to it often, especially for those whose first language is Arabic or other languages that do not normally use the /p/ sound.
Even though some languages lack the /p/ sound, it is still very common around the world. Many languages have at least one kind of /p/ sound, and some have more than one type. For example, languages like Hindustani can tell apart different versions of the /p/ sound.
| Language | Word | IPA | Meaning | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abkhaz | Аԥсны/Aṕsny | [apʰsˈnɨ] | 'Abkhazia' | |
| Adyghe | паӏо / پائۆ / paio | [paːʔʷa]ⓘ | 'hat' | |
| Arabic | Algerian | پاپيش/pāpīš | [paːpiːʃ] | 'beautiful girls' |
| Hejazi | بول/پول/pōl | [po̞ːl] | 'Paul' | |
| Egyptian | كبش/kabš | [kɛpʃ] | 'ram' | |
| Armenian | Eastern | պապիկ/papik | [papik]ⓘ | 'grandpa' |
| Assyrian | ܦܬܐ pata | [pata] | 'face' | |
| Basque | harrapatu | [(h)arapatu] | 'to catch' | |
| Bengali | পথ | [pɔtʰ] | 'road' | |
| Catalan | por | [ˈpɔ(ɾ)] | 'fear' | |
| Chuvash | путене/putene | [put̬ʲɛ'nɛ] | 'quail' | |
| Czech | pes | [pɛs] | 'dog' | |
| Danish | Standard | bog | [ˈpɔ̽wˀ] | 'book' |
| Dutch | plicht | [plɪxt] | 'duty' | |
| English | pack | [pʰæk] | 'pack' | |
| Esperanto | tempo | [ˈtempo] | 'time' | |
| Filipino | pato | [paˈto] | 'duck' | |
| Finnish | pappa | [ˈpɑpːɑ] | 'grandpa' | |
| French | pomme | [pɔm] | 'apple' | |
| Gan Chinese | Nanchangnese | 把戲 | [pa˨˩ ɕi˩] | 'magic' |
| German | Pack | [pʰak] | 'pile' | |
| Greek | πόδι / pódi | [ˈpo̞ði] | 'leg' | |
| Gujarati | પગ/pag | [pəɡ] | 'foot' | |
| Hakka Chinese | Meizhounese | 河壩 / ho² ba⁴ | [ho˩ pa˥] | 'river' |
| Hebrew | פּקיד/pakid | [pakid] | 'clerk' | |
| Hindustani | Urdu | پل/pal | [pəl] | 'moment' |
| Hindi | पल / pal | |||
| Hmong | White Hmong | 𖬒𖬶𖬪𖬵 / pov | [po˨˦] | 'to throw' |
| Hungarian | pápa | [ˈpaːpɒ] | 'pope' | |
| Italian | papà | [paˈpa] | 'dad' | |
| Japanese | ポスト / posuto | [posɯto] | 'mailbox' | |
| Kabardian | пэ / پە / pė | [pa]ⓘ | 'nose' | |
| Khmer | ពន្យល់ / pônyól | [pɔnjɔl] | 'to explain' | |
| Korean | 빛 / bit | [pit̚] | 'light' | |
| Kurdish | Northern | پۆر / por | [ˈpʰoːɾ] | 'hair' |
| Central | پیرۆزە / píroze | [pʰiːɾoːzæ] | 'lammergeier' | |
| Southern | پۊنگه / pûûnga | [pʰʉːŋa] | 'pennyroyal' | |
| Lakota | púza | [ˈpʊza] | 'dry' | |
| Lithuanian | pastatas | [ˈpaːstɐtɐs] | 'building' | |
| Luxembourgish | bëlleg | [ˈpələɕ] | 'cheap' | |
| Macedonian | пее/pee | [pɛː] | 'sing' | |
| Malay | panas | [pänäs] | 'hot' | |
| Malayalam | പത്ത്/pathu | [pɐt̪ːɨ] | 'ten' | |
| Maltese | aptit | [apˈtit] | 'appetite' | |
| Mandarin | Dungan | бонцу | [pɑŋ˨˦ t͡sʰou˨˦] | 'to assist' |
| Nanjingnese | 半大子 | [pɑŋ˦ tɑ˦ tsz̩] | 'teenager' | |
| Sichuanese | 不算事 / bu² suan⁴ si⁴ | [pu˨˩ suan˨˩˧ sz̩˨˩˧] | 'ineffective' | |
| Standard | 爆炸 / bàozhà | [pɑʊ˥˩ tʂa˥˩]ⓘ | 'to explode' | |
| Xi'annese | 迸 | [pəŋ˦] | 'mattock' | |
| Marathi | पाऊस/paa'uus/pā'ūs | [pɑːˈuːs] | 'rain' | |
| Min Chinese | Hokkien | 咖啡 / ko-pi | [ko˨ pi˦] | 'coffee' |
| Teochew | 僻 / piah4 | [pʰiaʔ˨] | 'remote' | |
| Fuzhounese | 白撞 / băh-dâung | [paʔ˨˩ lɑuŋ˨˦˨] | 'trespasser' | |
| Mutsun | po·čor | [poːt͡ʃor] | 'a sore' | |
| Nepali | पिता/pitā | [pit̪ä] | 'father' | |
| Norwegian | pappa | [pɑpːɑ] | 'dad' | |
| Odia | ପଥର/pathara | [pɔʈʰɔrɔ] | 'stone' | |
| Pashto | پانير/pa'nir | [pɑˈnir] | 'cheese' | |
| Persian | پول/pul | [pul] | 'money' | |
| Pirahã | pibaóí | [ˈpìbàóí̯] | 'otter' | |
| Polish | pas | [päs]ⓘ | 'belt' | |
| Portuguese | pai | [paj] | 'father' | |
| Punjabi | ਪੱਤਾ/ پتا / pattā | [pət̪ːäː] | 'leaf' | |
| Romanian | pas | [pas] | 'step' | |
| Russian | плод/plod | [pɫot̪] | 'fruit' | |
| Serbo-Croatian | пиће / piće | [pǐːt͡ɕě] | 'drink' | |
| Slovak | pes | [pɛ̝s] | 'dog' | |
| Slovene | pes | [pə̂s̪] | 'dog' | |
| Spanish | peso | [ˈpe̞so̞] | 'weight' | |
| Swahili | pombe / پٗونْبٖ | [ˈpoᵐbɛ] | 'beer' | |
| Swedish | apa | [ˈɑːˌpa] | 'monkey' | |
| Telugu | పని | [pani] | 'work' | |
| Thai | แป้ง/paeng | [pɛ̂ːŋ] | 'powder' | |
| Toki Pona | pilin | [pilin] | 'feeling' | |
| Tsez | пу/pu | [pʰu] | 'side' | |
| Turkish | kap | [ˈkʰɑp] | 'pot' | |
| Ukrainian | павук/pavuk | [pɐˈβ̞uk] | 'spider' | |
| Vietnamese | nhíp | [ɲip˧ˀ˥] | 'tweezers' | |
| Welsh | siop | [ʃɔp] | 'shop' | |
| West Frisian | panne | [ˈpɔnə] | 'pan' | |
| Wu Chinese | Shanghainese | 司必靈 / sy-piq-lin | [sz̩˧ pi̯ɪʔ˦ lin˨] | 'spring' |
| Suzhounese | 標緻 / piau¹-tsyu⁵ | [pi̯æ˥ tsz̩ʷ˨˩] | 'pretty' | |
| Wenzhounese | 眼淚八汁 / nga⁴-lei⁶-po⁷-tsai⁷ | [ŋa lei̯ po˥˧ tsai̯˩˨] | 'tear' | |
| Yi | ꀠ / ba | [pa˧] | 'exchange' | |
| Yue Chinese | Cantonese | 豬頭丙 / zyu¹ tau⁴ bing² | [t͡ʃyː˥ tʰɐu̯˨˩ pɪŋ˧˥] | 'blockhead' |
| Taishanese | 白 | [pak̚˧˩] | 'white' | |
| Central Alaskan Yup'ik | panik | [panik] | 'daughter' | |
| Zapotec | Tilquiapan | pan | [paŋ] | 'bread' |
Related articles
This article is a child-friendly adaptation of the Wikipedia article on Voiceless bilabial plosive, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
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