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Figure skating at the Olympic Games

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Gold medalists Laurence Fournier Baudry and Guillaume Cizeron perform their free dance routine at the 2026 Winter Olympics in Milano-Cortina.

Figure skating has been a thrilling part of the Olympic Games for over a century. It was first introduced at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London, England and has been a staple of the Winter Olympic Games since 1924. Skaters compete in exciting disciplines such as men's singles, women's singles and pair skating, where athletes perform graceful spins, jumps, and elegant moves on ice. Over time, new events have been added, including ice dance in 1976 and a team event that began at the 2014 Winter Olympics.

The sport became even more popular when the Winter Games started being televised, beginning with the 1936 Olympics in Berlin. This allowed people all over the world to watch the amazing skills of the skaters. In 2004, a new way of scoring called the ISU Judging System was introduced after some problems with judging in the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City, Utah.

Figure skating at the Olympics is governed by the International Skating Union (ISU), which works with the International Olympic Committee. They make sure that all skaters follow the rules and that the best athletes have the chance to compete. In 2022, during the Beijing Winter Games, changes were made to ensure fair competition by raising the age limit for participants.

History

Lyudmilla Pachomowa and Alexandr Gorshkov (1979) of the Soviet Union, the first Olympic gold medalists in Ice dance

Figure skating was first an Olympic sport at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London, England. The events included men, ladies, pair skating, and special figures. It happened because of the work of the British figure skating community and having indoor ice in England. The games were planned to be in Rome, but after a big eruption made it impossible, England offered to host instead.

Since 1924, figure skating has been part of the Winter Olympic Games. The 1924 Paris Olympic Games were the first to split Summer and Winter Games, held at Chamonix in France. Over the years, new events like ice dance joined in 1976. Today, figure skating remains a favorite part of the Winter Olympics.

Qualifying

There are five figure skating events at the Winter Olympics: men's single skating, women's single skating, pair skating, ice dance, and the team event. Athletes are chosen to represent their countries by their National Olympic Committees, which select skaters based on their performance and compliance with Olympic rules.

For the 2026 Winter Games, there will be 24 spots for both men's and women's singles, 16 for pairs, and 19 for ice dance. Countries with skaters who have earned enough points can enter two or three skaters in each event. Other spots are filled based on results from international competitions the year before the Olympics. Skaters must have certain scores from recognized competitions to qualify. The host country can also enter one skater per event if they meet the score requirements.

Judging

In figure skating, each move like jumps and spins has a set point value. Judges give scores from -5 to 5 for how well each move is done. These scores are averaged to give a final point for each move. All the move points are added up for a total.

Judges also score how the skater moves, presents themselves, and puts together their program. These scores are added to the move points, and any small mistakes are taken away to find the final score.

Program component factoring
DisciplineShort program
or Rhythm dance
Free skate
or Free dance
Men1.673.33
Women1.332.67
Pairs1.332.67
Ice dance1.332.00

Events

Figure skating first appeared at the Olympic Games during the 1908 Summer Olympics in London, England. Since 1924, it has been a part of the Winter Olympic Games. The main events include men's singles, women's singles, and pair skating, all of which have been part of the Olympics since 1908.

Participating nations

The number in each box shows how many figure skaters each country sent to the Olympic Games. Figure skating started at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London, England, and has been a part of the Winter Olympic Games since 1924. The main events include men's singles, women's singles, and pair skating, which have all been part of the Olympics since 1908.

Number of participants in figure skating per country
Nation'08'20'24'28'32'36'48'52'56'60'64'68'72'76'80'84'88'92'94'98'02'06'10'14'18'22'26
 Argentina1
 Armenia43222
 Australia32622243242114424
 Austria4921210486108363211124231
 Azerbaijan432221
 Belarus52212
 Belgium232143111121212
 Brazil11
 Bulgaria221143511
 Canada2566467812107116151713131012131217171312
 China266444119991186
 Chinese Taipei2111
 Croatia2111
 Czechoslovakia131374288162366
 Czech Republic854143564
 Denmark111211
 East Germany8710785
 Estonia2111135222
 Finland323112112331123133
 France253232345551156129148889849
 Georgia1231166
 Germany38168610645810866
 United Team of Germany41112
 Great Britain1166641298845751291097612276238
 Hungary476622213223532253122
Individual Neutral Athletes3
 Israel134423731
 Italy22122221723476979111199
 Japan25345433456474681091012
 Kazakhstan252232
 Latvia423212
 Lithuania22222223
 Luxembourg11
 Malaysia1
 Mexico2211
 Netherlands12211112
 North Korea26412
 Norway613143421
 Philippines11
 Poland22313235444236
 Romania31112122111
 Russia1151716161615
 Olympic Athletes from Russia15
 ROC18
 Serbia and Montenegro1
 Slovakia131131
 Slovenia21112
 South Africa411
 South Korea311122221423746
 Spain1111124445
 Sweden4411212111112211112123
 Switzerland11237543811322211434123
 Turkey1122
 Soviet Union44101016161717
 Ukraine1010111176461
 Unified Team17
 United States123612991010121212111514181616121314161515141616
 Uzbekistan4243111
 West Germany1154798
 Yugoslavia121
Ref.
Total skaters2126295139846463597188966710583112128133129145143147146149153117
Total nations68111213171215151415171818202026282837313531303230
Number of medals in figure skating won per country
Nation'08'20'24'28'32'36'48'52'56'60'64'68'72'76'80'84'88'92'94'98'02'06'10'14'18'22'26Total
 Austria342321211120
 Belgium112
 Canada12122111312111234130
 China11122119
 Czechoslovakia111115
 East Germany11331110
 Finland112
 France1111111112111115
 Georgia11
 Germany2211111110
 United Team of Germany123
 Great Britain611111111115
 Hungary1111116
 Italy1113
 Japan112124617
 Kazakhstan112
 Netherlands1113
 Norway31116
 Olympic Athletes from Russia33
 ROC66
 Russia155542527
 South Korea112
 Soviet Union123445524
 Spain11
 Sweden33111110
 Switzerland1113
 Ukraine112
 Unified Team55
 United States111214542212233312322223357
 West Germany112
Ref.

Overall medal table

Main article: List of Olympic medalists in figure skating

Figure skating has been part of the Olympic Games since 1908. The sport has taken place at both the Summer and Winter Olympics, with men's singles, women's singles, and pair skating being the main events since the beginning. The table shows the total medals won by countries in figure skating up to the 2026 Winter Olympics.

RankNationGoldSilverBronzeTotal
1 United States19172157
2 Russia159327
3 Soviet Union109524
4 Austria79420
5 Canada6111330
6 Germany54413
7 France53715
 Great Britain53715
9 Sweden53210
10 Japan48517
11 East Germany33410
12 Norway3216
13 Unified Team3115
14 ROC2529
15 China2349
16 Netherlands1203
17 Czechoslovakia1135
18 Finland1102
 South Korea1102
20 Belgium1012
 Kazakhstan1012
 Ukraine1012
23 Hungary0246
24 Switzerland0213
25 Georgia0101
26 Italy0033
27 West Germany0022
28 Spain0011
Totals (28 entries)101100100301

Images

Swedish figure skater Ulrich Salchow competing at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London.
Portrait of Madge Syers, a famous figure skater from the early 20th century.
Mikhail Shaidorov performing in the short program at the 2024-25 Grand Prix Final figure skating competition.
Alysa Liu celebrates her gold medal win at the 2026 Winter Olympics women's figure skating competition.
Riku Miura and Ryuichi Kihara perform an elegant pairs skating routine at the 2025 Skate America competition.
Portrait of Anna Hübler and Heinrich Burger, figure skaters from the 1908 Summer Olympics.
Nikolai Panin, a Russian athlete who competed in figure skating at the 1908 Summer Olympics.

Related articles

This article is a child-friendly adaptation of the Wikipedia article on Figure skating at the Olympic Games, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

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